Water is the source of life, and as the blood of the ecosystem, it is the basis of human survival, production and life, and sufficient and high-quality water resources are the primary condition for the healthy cycle of the ecosystem. However, water resources are very vulnerable to pollution, especially some inland water bodies, due to the natural confinement of its pollution problem is more prominent, while water resources as a carrier of pollutants, with dynamic diffusion and spread characteristics, will further aggravate the degree of pollution of water bodies. There are many oceans and lakes in China, along with the rapid development of the economy and the enhancement of human activities, the problem of water quality pollution in oceans and lakes has become increasingly serious. It has become a key factor limiting the sustainable development of cities, so it is necessary to use high-tech means to carry out research on water quality pollution in oceans and lakes, to provide timely and rapid water quality conditions in oceans and lakes, to protect people's normal production and life.

Raman spectrum is the fingerprint spectrum of molecular vibration. Different material molecules have different vibration frequency, so it is often used as an important basis for material identification. It has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and good repeatability. In this paper, through the Raman spectrometer quantitative analysis of silica dust samples, through the experiment to prove the feasibility of its application in the field of analysis of dust.

随着社会与经济的发展，环境污染越来越成为困绕着人类健康和制约社会继续发展的严峻问题，多环芳烃类污染物，在环境中具有长期稳定性、可迁徙性以及生物富集性，能干扰生物内分泌系统，损坏生物的神经系统，潜在的致癌作用[1-3]。表面增强拉曼光谱(Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS)作为一种强有力的原位分析技术，不仅可以像拉曼光谱一样能够提供分子结构的特征光谱，而且还可以极大地增强被测分子的拉曼信号，通常可以增强6个数量级以上，有时甚至可以达到14个数量级，从而达到单分子检测。文献研究表明表面增强拉曼光谱完全可以实现对特定环境污染物的高灵敏度定性和定量检测。过去受限于拉曼光谱仪的发展，表面增强拉曼光谱基本上只能作为一种实验室技术。随着激光器技术、光纤技术以及CCD检测技术的发展，拉曼光谱仪可以集成为一个小型、快速、简便的检测设备，进而使拉曼光谱仪应用于多环芳烃快速分析领域成为可能[4-11]。

尽管欧盟和美国的新法规要求航行在欧洲和美国沿海的船舶使用低硫航油，但由于执法难度大，违规风险小，在经济利益的驱动下，便宜的、高硫的燃料仍被许多轮船违法使用。然而，新技术的发展将改变这一现象。基于一对Andor紫外光谱仪构建的实时空中污染检测系统能够以每小时20艘的速度实时监控船舶污染。

水是地球上万物的命脉所在，水与生命息息相关。但是随着人类社会文明的不断发展，工业、农业、生活用水等各种污染层出不穷，对人类社会和动植物的成长都形成了不同程度的威胁。因此需要对及时对水体进行检测，查出潜在的水污染或污染源，及早的避免可能对人、生物及环境造成的损害。